N-Propanol: Intfo Lebalulekile Yemakhemikhali Laphilako
Tindzawo Letinkhulu Tesicelo
Embonini yemakhemikhali, i-n-propanol iyintfo lebalulekile lesemkhatsini ekuhlanganisweni kwetilwane. Ingasetjentiswa kukhicita tinhlanganisela letehlukahlukene, njenge-acrylic acid, tinhlanganisela te-acrylate, i-propyl acetate, i-propyl urea, kanye ne-bromopropane. Letinhlanganisela tisetjentiswa kakhulu ekukhiciteni emapulasitiki, tintfo tekugcobisa, tintfo tekunamatsela, emakha, kanye netintfo letingetiwe ekudleni. Sibonelo, i-acrylic acid kanye nema-esters ayo tintfo letibalulekile letiluhlata tekukhicita tintfo letisetulu tekugcoka kanye nekunamatsela; propyl acetate ivame kusetjentiswa ekuhlanganisweni kwetilwane kanye netimboni tekuncibilikisa njengesincibilikisi lesinekubila lokusetulu. Ngekwengeta, i-n-propanol ingakhishwa ngemanti kwentela kukhicita ipropylene, lokuyintfo lebalulekile leluhlata yekukhicita emapulasitiki epolypropylene.
Embonini yemitsi, i-n-propanol isetjentiswa kukhicita tinhlobonhlobo tetintfo letisemkhatsini temitsi. Sibonelo, iprobenecid, lesetjentiswa kwelapha igout, ine n-propanol njengentfo lebalulekile lesemkhatsini ekuhlanganisweni kwayo; ivalproate sodium, umutsi wekulwa nesifo sekuwa, nayo incike ku n-propanol enchubeni yayo yekukhicita. Ngekwengeta, i-n-propanol isetjentiswa njengesincibilikisi setidzakamiva, ikakhulu ekukhiciteni imijovo kanye netintfo letimanti temlomo. Ingancibilikisa tincenye letiningi tetidzakamiva letingancibiliki kahle, kwenta ncono kusimamisa kanye nekukhonakala kwetidzakamiva.
Etimonyo kanye nemikhicito yekunakekela umuntfu, i-n-propanol ivame kusetjentiswa njengesincibilikisi. Ingancibilikisa kahle tintfo letehlukene letisebentako, emakha, kanye nemibala, kusita letintfo kutsi tisakateke kancono kulemikhicito. Sibonelo, ekukhiciteni emakha, i-n-propanol ingasetjentiswa njengesincibilikisi kwentela kusabalalisa ngekulingana tincenye teliphunga, kwenta ncono kuphila sikhatsi lesidze kanye nekusimama kwemakha. Ngekwengeta, i-n-propanol ingasetjentiswa njengesibulalimagciwane sekuhlanta kanye nekubulala emagciwane etibhedlela, emalabhorethri, kanye nasemakhaya. Inemiphumela lemihle yekubulala emagciwane, ingabulala kahle emagciwane kanye nemagciwane, futsi inekugucugucuka lokulinganiselwe, ingashiyi tinsalela ngemuva kwekusetjentiswa.
Emasimini e-ejenti yekuhlanta kanye nephethiloli, i-n-propanol isetjentiswa kukhicita emanti emabhuleki. Inekuncibilika lokuhle kanye nekugcobisa, kunciphisa ngemphumelelo kukhuhlana etinhlelo temabhuleki kanye nekutfutfukisa kusebenta kwemabhuleki. Ngekwengeta, i-n-propanol ingasetjentiswa njengesengeto semafutsa kumafutsa lahlanganisiwe kwenta ncono kusebenta kahle kwekushisa. Sibonelo, kwengeta linani lelincane le n-propanol kuphethiloli kungenta ncono timphahla tayo tekulwa nekungcondvo kanye nekusebenta kwekushisa ngesikhatsi kunciphisa kukhishwa kwemfutfo.
Timphahla temakhemikhali te n-propanol tenta kutsi kube ngumkhicito wemakhemikhali lohlukahlukene. Inekuncibilika lokuhle futsi ingahlangana nemanti, ema alcohols, ema ethers, kanye naletinye tintfo letiningi letincibilikisako. Ngekubila lokungu 97.2°C kanye nekuncibilika lokungu -127°C, i-n-propanol inebuthi lobuphansi kepha ingabanga kutfukutsela emehlweni, umgudvu wekuphefumula, kanye nesikhumba ngesikhatsi sekuhlanganiswa lokusetulu. Ngakoke, ngesikhatsi sekusetjentiswa kanye nekugcinwa, tintfo tekuvikela letifanele kumele tigcotjwe kwentela kugwema kutsintsana nesikhumba kanye nemehlo, futsi kungenisa umoya kahle kumele kugcinwe.
Embonini yemitsi, i-n-propanol isetjentiswa kukhicita tinhlobonhlobo tetintfo letisemkhatsini temitsi. Sibonelo, iprobenecid, lesetjentiswa kwelapha igout, ine n-propanol njengentfo lebalulekile lesemkhatsini ekuhlanganisweni kwayo; ivalproate sodium, umutsi wekulwa nesifo sekuwa, nayo incike ku n-propanol enchubeni yayo yekukhicita. Ngekwengeta, i-n-propanol isetjentiswa njengesincibilikisi setidzakamiva, ikakhulu ekukhiciteni imijovo kanye netintfo letimanti temlomo. Ingancibilikisa tincenye letiningi tetidzakamiva letingancibiliki kahle, kwenta ncono kusimamisa kanye nekukhonakala kwetidzakamiva.
Etimonyo kanye nemikhicito yekunakekela umuntfu, i-n-propanol ivame kusetjentiswa njengesincibilikisi. Ingancibilikisa kahle tintfo letehlukene letisebentako, emakha, kanye nemibala, kusita letintfo kutsi tisakateke kancono kulemikhicito. Sibonelo, ekukhiciteni emakha, i-n-propanol ingasetjentiswa njengesincibilikisi kwentela kusabalalisa ngekulingana tincenye teliphunga, kwenta ncono kuphila sikhatsi lesidze kanye nekusimama kwemakha. Ngekwengeta, i-n-propanol ingasetjentiswa njengesibulalimagciwane sekuhlanta kanye nekubulala emagciwane etibhedlela, emalabhorethri, kanye nasemakhaya. Inemiphumela lemihle yekubulala emagciwane, ingabulala kahle emagciwane kanye nemagciwane, futsi inekugucugucuka lokulinganiselwe, ingashiyi tinsalela ngemuva kwekusetjentiswa.
Emasimini e-ejenti yekuhlanta kanye nephethiloli, i-n-propanol isetjentiswa kukhicita emanti emabhuleki. Inekuncibilika lokuhle kanye nekugcobisa, kunciphisa ngemphumelelo kukhuhlana etinhlelo temabhuleki kanye nekutfutfukisa kusebenta kwemabhuleki. Ngekwengeta, i-n-propanol ingasetjentiswa njengesengeto semafutsa kumafutsa lahlanganisiwe kwenta ncono kusebenta kahle kwekushisa. Sibonelo, kwengeta linani lelincane le n-propanol kuphethiloli kungenta ncono timphahla tayo tekulwa nekungcondvo kanye nekusebenta kwekushisa ngesikhatsi kunciphisa kukhishwa kwemfutfo.
Timphahla temakhemikhali te n-propanol tenta kutsi kube ngumkhicito wemakhemikhali lohlukahlukene. Inekuncibilika lokuhle futsi ingahlangana nemanti, ema alcohols, ema ethers, kanye naletinye tintfo letiningi letincibilikisako. Ngekubila lokungu 97.2°C kanye nekuncibilika lokungu -127°C, i-n-propanol inebuthi lobuphansi kepha ingabanga kutfukutsela emehlweni, umgudvu wekuphefumula, kanye nesikhumba ngesikhatsi sekuhlanganiswa lokusetulu. Ngakoke, ngesikhatsi sekusetjentiswa kanye nekugcinwa, tintfo tekuvikela letifanele kumele tigcotjwe kwentela kugwema kutsintsana nesikhumba kanye nemehlo, futsi kungenisa umoya kahle kumele kugcinwe.
Tincazelo
| Ligama Lemkhicito | N-iphropanol | |||||||||
| MF | C3H8O | |||||||||
| Kuvela | Kemanti lanamatselako langenambala | |||||||||
| Lizinga Lebungoti | 3 | |||||||||
| Bumsulwa | 99.5% Sincane | |||||||||
| MW | 60.1 | |||||||||
| CAS CHA | 71-23-80. | |||||||||
| Ikhodi ye-HS | 29094100 | |||||||||
| CHA | 200-746-900. | |||||||||
| A Cha | 1274 | |||||||||
| Sicelo | Sincibilikisi, liphunga, ikhemikhali lesemkhatsini | |||||||||
Liphepha Lekulawula Lizinga
| Ligama Lemkhicito | N-Propyl Tjwala | ||||||
| Intfo | Tincazelo | Imiphumela | |||||
| Kucina (p20°C)/g/cm3. | 0.795~0.805 | 0.802 | |||||
| lokucuketfwe yi-n-propanol/%≥ | 99.5 | 99.9 | |||||
| Umswakama/%≤ ≤ | 0.1 | 0.02 | |||||
| HaZen≤ | 10 | 5 | |||||
| Esidi (njenge esidi ye-acetic)/%≤ | 0.003 | 0.001 | |||||
Ngalokufishane
Ngalokufishane, i-n-propanol, njengenhlanganisela yetilwane lesebenta ngetindlela letiningi, idlala indzima lebalulekile etindzaweni letiningi. Ngekuchubeka nekutfutfuka kwetebucwepheshe kanye nekwandzisa tindzawo tekusebenta, sidzingo semakethe se n-propanol sitawuchubeka sikhule. Esikhatsini lesitako, ematfuba ekusebentisa i-n-propanol atawuba makhulu kakhulu, ikakhulukati emikhakheni yekuvikela imvelo kanye nekutfutfukisa lokusimeme, lapho khona i-n-propanol ilindzeleke kutsi ibe yintfo lebalulekile yemakhemikhali laluhlata.